Proceeding International Conference Health Polytechnic of Jambi

The Impact of Vaping On Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Literature Review

Raden Roro Brilianti Chrisnajayantie — 2025-05-31

Background: Particularly among adolescents and young adults vaping or electronic cigarettes has become more popular in recent years. In Indonesia, e-cigarette use increased significantly from 0.3% in 2011 to 3% in 2021.General anesthesia requires maintaining hemodynamic stability to avoid complications. Vaping has been linked to pulmonary and cardiovascular issues, which may complicate anesthesia management and increase risks during anesthesia. This study aims to assess patients' vaping history during preoperative evaluations.

Method: This research used a literature review method with the PICO framework to analyze secondary data from databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The search strategy involved adjusting keywords to match Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and using Boolean operators (AND, OR) and quotation marks for precision. Keywords selected for the study were “Vaping,” “Undergoing,” and “General Anesthesia.” Articles published between 2020 and 2025 in English or Indonesian, from reputable journals, and classified as original research, were included. Relevant studies were identified, critically appraised using the JBI tools, and synthesized into PICO tables for presentation.

Result: From a total of 1,965,989 articles identified through database searches, three studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The findings from these studies demonstrated that vaping is associated with several respiratory complications during general anesthesia, such as increased airway reactivity, bronchospasm, and impaired gas exchange. One case series highlighted the occurrence of hypoxia and increased oxygen requirements in patients with vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI). Another large-scale retrospective cohort study reported a slightly higher incidence of pulmonary complications among vapers compared to non-vapers; however, the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Vaping may increase the risk of perioperative and intraoperative respiratory complications, particularly in patients undergoing general anesthesia. The presence of harmful chemicals in e-cigarette aerosols, such as nicotine and volatile organic compounds, can exacerbate pre-existing respiratory conditions or contribute to new ones. These risks highlight the importance of including vaping history in preoperative assessments. Anesthesia providers should be vigilant in monitoring and managing airway function in patients with a history of vaping to ensure safe and effective anesthetic care.

The Proportion of Animal Protein Consumption with A Prevalence of Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight in Toddlers in Indonesia

Najwa Fristha Yantri — 2025-05-31

Background: Stunting, wasting, and underweight are the main indicators of malnutrition that have a significant impact on children's growth and health. In Indonesia, the prevalence of these conditions is still high, especially in children under the age of two. One of the factors causing this nutritional problem is low consumption of animal protein. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the proportion of animal protein consumption and the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight in children under the age of two in Indonesia using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS).

Method: This study used a cross-sectional design with aggregate data from 38 provinces in Indonesia. Bivariate analysis used the Spearman correlation test.

Result: The results showed that the proportion of animal protein consumption was significantly associated with the prevalence of stunting (p-value 0.000), underweight (p-value 0.001), and wasting (p-value 0.003). The data showed that areas with higher animal protein consumption, such as Java and Bali, had a lower prevalence of nutritional problems compared to areas such as Nusa Tenggara and Papua.

Conclusion: This study concluded that there was a significant relationship between the proportion of animal protein consumption and the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight in children under the age of two in Indonesia. Increasing access to animal protein consumption is an important step in reducing the prevalence of malnutrition among children. This study is expected to provide recommendations for more effective interventions in addressing nutritional problems in Indonesia.

Iron Folic Acid (IFA) Supplementation in Schools for Adolescents: Barriers and Support Factors

Herlina Tri Damailia — 2025-05-31

Weekly iron and folic acid supplementation in schools is considered an effective measure to increase hemoglobin levels and has been adopted as one of the national health policies. In addition, the school-based weekly iron and folic acid supplementation program aims to improve compliance and reduce the possibility of side effects without reducing effectiveness. Increasing the WIFAS (weekly iron folic acid supplementation) program to reach larger populations are a challenge in some developing countries. Preferred Reporting Items for Review Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was used to review articles not earlier than 2019 for scientific reports in English. The navigation terms used are supplementationIron Folic Acid; adolescents, ten criteria of the paper meet the criteria for assessment. By identifying the barriers in the weekly IFA (iron folic acid) tablet supplementation program, supporting factors will be found to reduce the barriers of the WIFAS program appropriately. Low knowledge and compliance of adolescents, lack of teacher participation in health education and supervision of IFA consumption are the barriers found. Providing health education by combining several media and methods accompanied by supervision by peers or teachers during IFA consumption has succeeded in increasing the knowledge, attitudes, intentions, motivations, and behavior of adolescents in taking IFA tablets, ultimately reducing anemia. It is hoped that the results of this review can be usedas a way to increase the coverage of weekly supplementation programs in schools.

Relationship Between Proportion of Vegetable and Fruit Under Consumption and Proportion of Diabetes Mellitus Types in Indonesia

Frenty Berliana — 2025-05-31

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health problem with an increasing proportion in Indonesia. This study will analyze the relationship between average fruit and vegetable consumption and the proportion of Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in Indonesia based on data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS). This study aims to determine the relationship between the proportion of less consumed vegetables and fruits and the Proportion of types of Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1, Type 2, and GDM).

Method: This study uses a correlation design with secondary data aggregate from IHS2023 which covers all provinces in Indonesia. The independent variable is the proportion of people who consume fruits and vegetables, while the dependent variable is the proportion of each type of DM.

Result: The results showed that the proportion of undereating vegetables and fruits in Indonesia is very high (96.1%), highest in the Sumatra Region (97.1%) and lowest in the Papua Region (93.4%). Type 2 diabetes in Indonesia is dominated by type 2 (46.7%) followed by type I (21,6%), GDM (2,8%), and the rest are unknown DM types. The results of the analysis showed that there was a relationship between the proportion of eating less vegetables and fruits and the proportion of Type II Diabetes Mellitus (p-value 0.003, r=0.475), but it is not significantly related to Type I DM and GDM.

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the proportion of eating less vegetables and fruits and the proportion of Type II Diabetes Mellitus. The higher the proportion of eating less vegetables and fruits, the higher the proportion of type II DM.

Correlation of HS-CRP Levels and Total Cholesterol in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Dr. Bratanata Hospital Jambi City

Fadhillah Nurul Amalia — 2025-06-23

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism that can trigger systemic inflammation. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a biomarker commonly used to predict cardiovascular risk, especially when assessed alongside total cholesterol levels. This study aims to investigate the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and total cholesterol in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Method: This descriptive-analytic study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted at Dr. Bratanata Hospital, Jambi City. The sample consisted of T2DM patients selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. hs-CRP levels were measured using a Wondfo Meter, and total cholesterol was analyzed using an Autolyser BT 3500. Statistical tests were conducted to determine the relationship between the variables.

Result: The average hs-CRP level was 4.25 mg/L, and the average total cholesterol was 218 mg/dL. There was no significant correlation between hs-CRP and total cholesterol levels (p > 0.05). The regression plot suggested a possible negative trend, the correlation was weak and not statistically significant.

Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between hs-CRP and total cholesterol levels in T2DM patients at Dr. Bratanata Hospital, Jambi City.

The Effect of E-BOODIE (Electronic Booklet On Diabetes) Education On Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Efforts at SMA Negeri 5 Jambi City

Adienda Wafiq Kanna — 2025-05-31

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a non-communicable disease with a globally increasing prevalence, including among adolescents. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2024, there are 422 million diabetes cases worldwide, with 877,531 cases recorded in Indonesia. In Jambi City, Diabetes Mellitus has become a major public health issue, with 21,172 cases reported in 2022 (Jambi City Health Office). One of the contributing factors to the rising number of cases is unhealthy lifestyle habits, such as the consumption of foods high in sugar and fat.

Method: This study aims to determine the effect of education using E-BOODIE (Electronic Booklet on Diabetes) on students’ knowledge regarding the prevention of Diabetes Mellitus at SMA Negeri 5 Jambi City. The study employed a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design (One Group Pretest-Posttest Design), involving 40 students as the sample.

Results: The research instrument was a questionnaire, and data were analyzed using a paired t-test.The results showed a significant increase in the average scores of students’ knowledge and attitudes after being given education using the E-BOODIE media (p < 0.05), rising from 5.65 to 8.48.

Conlusion: These findings indicate that E-BOODIE is effective in enhancing students’ understanding and awareness of Diabetes Mellitus prevention.Thus, E-BOODIE can serve as an innovative and interactive health education medium, particularly in improving adolescents’ knowledge and attitudes toward early prevention of Diabetes Mellitus.

The Effectiveness of Using Interactive Quiz CENTING (Cegah Stunting) On The Knowledge and Behavior of Mothers of Toddlers About Stunting Prevention In Bukit Perentak Village, Merangin District

Dara Afrilia — 2025-05-31

Backgorund: Stunting is one of the most troubling global health problems, occurring in many countries in both developing and developed countries. The prevalence of stunting tends to be high in countries with poverty and limited access to adequate health, education and sanitation services. One of the efforts to reduce the prevalence of stunting is health promotion using interactive quiz CENTING (Prevent Stunting). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using the CENTING interactive quiz (prevent stunting) in increasing the knowledge and behavior of mothers of toddlers about stunting prevention in Bukit Perentak Village, Merangin Regency.

Methods: This type of research is quantitative research with a pre-experimental research design, with a one group pretest-posttest research design. Sampling in this study used total sampling technique with a total sample size of 34 people.

Results: Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The average score of stunting prevention knowledge is pre-test (6.85), post-test (9.53). The average results of stunting prevention behavior are pre-test (24.63), post-test (29.43). There is a difference in increasing the score of knowledge and behavior of preventing stunting in mothers of toddlers in Bukit Perentak village, Merangin Regency who are given health promotion through interactive quiz CENTING (Prevent Stunting) with a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05).

Conclusion: Health promotion with CENTING interactive quiz (Prevent Stunting) is effective in increasing knowledge and behavior of preventing stunting in mothers of toddlers in Bukit Perentak village, Merangin Regency.

Maternal and Environmental Health Factors as Predictors of Stunting in Families at Risk of Stunting in Indonesia

Ria Risti Komala Dewi — 2025-06-23

Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that affects children's physical and cognitive development, especially in children aged 6-23 months who come from families at risk of stunting. In Indonesia, the prevalence of stunting in 2023 reached 21.5%, which is still far from the 14% target set by the government. Stunting can affect children's long-term health and increase susceptibility to non-communicable diseases in adulthood.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze factors that act as predictors of stunting incidence in families at risk of stunting in Indonesia, using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS).

Methods: The research design was an analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. This study used total sampling involving 4,766 mothers with children aged 6-23 months. The variables analyzed included maternal factors (birth spacing, number of births, maternal age, family planning participation) and environmental factors (latrine ownership).

Results: The analysis showed that too close birth spacing (OR 1.422), too many births (OR 1.323), and improper latrine ownership (OR 1.327) significantly affected the incidence of stunting in families at risk of stunting.

Conclusion: This study shows that birth spacing, number of births, and latrine ownership are predictors of stunting in families at risk of stunting. Maternal and environmental factors play an important role in the incidence of stunting in families at risk of stunting in Indonesia. These findings suggest that the need for a holistic approach that includes good family planning and improved sanitation and maternal nutrition should be the main focus of stunting prevention efforts in Indonesia.

Correlation of hs-CRP Levels and Total Protein In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus At Dr. Bratanata Hospital Jambi City

Annisa Raehannur Zahra — 2025-05-31

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and mild systemic inflammation. High-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) is an inflammatory marker elevated in type 2 DM, while total protein levels reflect the nutritional and inflammatory status of the body. The correlation between hs-CRP and total protein may provide insight into the inflammatory and metabolic status of type 2 DM patients.

Methods: This descriptive-analytic study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted at Dr. Bratanata Hospital, Jambi City. The sample consisted of T2DM patients selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. hs-CRP levels were measured using a Wondfo Meter, and total protein was analyzed using an Autolyser BT 3500. Statistical tests were conducted to determine the relationship between the variables.

Results: The average hs-CRP level was 4.25 mg/L and the total protein level was 7.40 g/dL. A weak negative correlation was found between hs-CRP and total protein levels, which was statistically significant (p = 0.023).

Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between hs-CRP and total protein levels in type 2 DM patients. Increased hs-CRP tends to be followed by a decrease in total protein levels, although the correlation is weak. Measurement of hs-CRP and total protein can serve as early indicators of inflammatory and metabolic status in type 2 DM patients.

The Effectiveness of Health Promotion in Stunting Prevention to Improve Knowledge and Attitudes of Mothers of Toddlers Using Berdazi (Smart and Nutritious Balls) Media in Sungai Baung Village, Sarolangun Regency

Natasya Amanda Putri — 2025-05-31

Background: Stunting, a condition of growth failure in children due to chronic malnutrition, is a serious issue in Indonesia today with a prevalence rate of 21.6%. This figure indicates that around two in ten children in the country experience growth and developmental delays that can negatively impact their overall health status. One effort to reduce the prevalence of stunting is through health promotion using BERDAZI (Smart and Nutritious Balls). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of health promotion in stunting prevention to improve the knowledge and attitudes of mothers of toddlers using BERDAZI media (smart and nutritious balls) in Sungai Baung village, Sarolangun Regency.

Method: This type of research is quantitative research with a pre-experimental research design, with a one group pretest-posttest research design. Sampling in this study using purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 32 people. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test.

Results: The average score of stunting prevention knowledge is pre-test (6.28), post-test (9.59). The average results of stunting prevention attitudes are pre-test (24.50), post-test (29.66).

Conclusion: There is a difference in increasing the score of knowledge and attitudes to prevent stunting in mothers of toddlers in Sungai Baung village, Sarolangun Regency who are given health promotion through BERDAZI (Smart and Nutritious Balls) with a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Health Promotion with BERDAZI (Smart and Nutritious Balls) is effective in increasing knowledge and attitudes to prevent stunting in mothers of toddlers in Sungai Baung village, Sarolangun Regency.

Transformation of Health Education Through Audiovisual Media: Its Impact on Family Knowledge in Supporting Exclusive Breastfeeding

Sapna Nur Safitri — 2025-05-31

Background: Breast milk is an important source of primary nutrition for infants as it contains complete nutrients and natural antibodies. Exclusive breastfeeding reduces infant morbidity and mortality, and provides long-term benefits for both mother and child. Economically, breastfeeding reduces household expenses because it does not require the cost of formula milk. However, exclusive breastfeeding coverage is still not optimal. WHO data for 2023 shows that global coverage has only reached 38%, Indonesia 55.5%, and Jambi Province 72.68%. In the Aur Duri Health Center working area, exclusive breastfeeding coverage in 2024 was only 51%, below the national target of 80%. One of the factors that influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding is family support. Increasing family knowledge can be done through video-based health education.

Methods: This research employed a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design involving a pretest-posttest setup across two groups. A total of 62 participants were chosen through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test and the Mann-Whitney test.

Results: There was a significant increase in family knowledge scores after the educational video intervention, with a p=0.000 value. The average post-test score of the intervention group (8.61) was higher than the control group (7.16).

Conclusion: Delivering health education through video media has proven effective in enhancing family knowledge regarding support for exclusive breastfeeding within the Aur Duri Health Center service area.

Development of A Safety Risk Model For Offshore Helicopter Operations In Critical Phases Through A Systematic Literature Review

Aswan Hery Putra — 2025-05-31

Background: Offshore helicopter operations are essential for the oil and gas industry, particularly for transporting personnel and supplies to offshore platforms. However, the critical phases of flight—approach, landing, and take-off—contribute to over 60% of helicopter-related aviation accidents worldwide. In Indonesia, these risks are amplified by extreme weather conditions, poor helideck infrastructure, pilot fatigue, and inconsistent regulatory enforcement. An effective, context-specific risk management model is therefore urgently needed.

Method: This study applies a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to examine current research on risk management in offshore helicopter operations. A total of 38 relevant articles were selected from databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Thematic synthesis was used to extract insights related to risk factors, mitigation strategies, and modeling approaches.

Result: The review identified four major risk factors: adverse weather, helideck design flaws, human error, and pilot fatigue. Effective mitigation strategies include simulation-based pilot training, predictive technologies, UAV-based inspections, and compliance with international safety standards. Despite these advancements, challenges such as limited infrastructure, lack of standardization, and enforcement gaps remain, particularly in Indonesia. Modeling in this context refers to the use of analytical frameworks such as STPA, Bayesian Networks, SWARA-CoCoSo, and FMEA-BWM to represent, simulate, and prioritize safety risks.

Conclusion: This study proposes a predictive, data-driven risk model that combines international best practices with Indonesia’s operational realities. The model aims to improve offshore aviation safety by enabling proactive decision-making, supporting policy development, and strengthening flight safety standards across critical phases.

Determinants of Anemia Accurance in Female Adolescents in High School in Muaro Jambi District in 2024

Winda Triana — 2025-05-31

Background: Anemia in adolescent girls aged 15-24 years in Indonesia is one of the nutritional problems that need attention. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls

Method: This study used a cross-sectional design. It was conducted in September 2024 at Titian Teras High School, Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi Province. The sample was 79 students in grades 10 and 11 aged 14-18 years. Sampling was carried out using the proportional sampling method, with the criteria, not menstruating when becoming a sample, not sick. This study used primary data through questionnaires, anemia status was measured using a portable Nessco Hb measuring instrument. Data was processed using a computer program. Data analysis was carried out using univariate and bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. to determine the significant relationship between the dependent variable (anemia status of adolescent girls) with the criteria of Hb levels <12 gr/dl) and the independent variables, namely knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of preventing anemia

Result: The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes and behavior with the incidence of anemia with a p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: From the results of the study, there is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes and behavior towards the occurrence of anemia. It is expected that female adolescent students will always increase their knowledge about the causes of anemia, signs and symptoms and their impact on health and the need to increase iron intake and iron supplements to prevent anemia.

The Influence Of The Snakes And Ladders Game On Pregnant Women's Knowledge About Stunting Prevention In Betung Island Village

Ika Murtiyarini — 2025-05-31

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that the largest proportion of stunted toddlers comes from Asia, namely 58.7%. The results of the 2022 Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI) show that 21.6% of toddlers are stunted in Indonesia. Stunting can cause stunted physical growth, mental development and health status in children. The impact of stunting can occur due to malnutrition during the first 1000 days of life (HPK). This research aims to determine the effect of playing snakes and ladders on pregnant women's knowledge about stunting prevention in Pulau Betung Village.

Method: Pre-experimental research method with one group pre test post test design. The population of pregnant women in Pulau Betung Village is 30 people. The sampling technique used was total sampling. The research was conducted from November to April 2023 using the Wilcoxon analysis test.

Result: The research results showed that all respondents experienced an increase in knowledge after playing snakes and ladders with a mean ranking of 15 and a p value of 0.000. The average knowledge of respondents before playing was 13.9. After playing snakes and ladders it increased to 17.7.

Conclusion: Statistically, it can be interpreted that stunting snakes and ladders influence pregnant women's knowledge about stunting prevention in Pulau Betung Village.

Family Empowerment Model In Handling Stunting And Wasting Child: A Literature Review

Bekti Putri Harwijayanti — 2025-05-31

Background: Both stunting and wasting case, when occur in children leads into greater risk of morbidity and even mortality. Attempt to handle those case with empowerment in family setting were numerous and shows hindrance in several aspects. This study aimed to figure out which effort has the biggest impact with most effective way to address stunting and wasting in golden period.

Method: A literature search was conducted on electronic databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Google Scholar to identify relevant published articles from 2015, to 2025. Additional articles were identified from the reference lists and grey literature

Result: This review summarizes 4 empowerment domains with the greatest influence in handling stunting and wasting at the family level. Inherent socio-economic conditions and other family characteristics are indeed significant factors, but family empowerment in terms of increasing knowledge and skills, community support, complementary food availability and agricultural support are highlighted in most studies. Long-term and sustainable interventions were emphasized in determining the most appropriate approach.

Conclusion: Family empowerment is an important strategy in dealing with stunting and wasting in children. Optimizable functions of family in those features should be dealt with concern in family characteristics. High quality empowerment was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of childhood stunting and wasting. The findings suggest a need to incorporate targeted strategies for empowering family into child nutrition programs.

Correlation Of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) And Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) In Children With Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Infection In Northern Kalimantan

Guntur Ari Kusuma — 2025-05-31

Background: Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. This inflammation causes active immune cells such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets. When inflammation occurs, there will be a physiological response in the form of a decrease in the number of lymphocytes and an increase in the number of neutrophils. The ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes is also called the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR). This infection also causes a decrease in platelets and lymphocytes simultaneously. This can be worsening the patient's condition. The ratio of platelets and lymphocytes is also called Platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR). NLR and PLR are important biomarkers of inflammation in supporting the diagnosis of DHF, allowing clinicians to immediately treat DHF cases, especially in children.

Method: This study used a retrospective observational study design with a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used in this study was total sampling. The data collection technique in this study was observation of medical record data of DHF pediatric patients. To analyze the correlation between NLR and PLR in children with DHF infection, a correlation statistical test was used

Result: The results showed that the average value of NLR is 1,187 and PLR is 1536,74. And the results of this study also show a significant correlation between NLR and PLR with the correlation coefficient showing a strong positive correlation (r > 0.70, p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between NLR and PLR in children with dengue infection.

The Effect of Mobile Triggering Method On Mosquito Nest Eradication Behavior

Emilia Chandra — 2025-05-31

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) occurs every year and takes its toll. People are not motivated and have not made PSN a culture. The problems encountered are how the process of developing, the feasibility, the stages, and the impact of the mosquito nest eradication educational model have on the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the community. The purpose of this development is to produce an educational model "Triggering PSN Mobile," while the specific objectives are to describe the development process, determine feasibility, describe the stages, and find out the effect of the educational model for eradicating mosquito nests on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of the community.

Method: This research method is quantitative research with a research and development (R&D) design. This research uses a one-group pretest and posttest design. The focus of this study is to test the effectiveness of the educational model with the PSN reminder application in increasing the culture of eradicating mosquito nests in the city of Jambi. The variables studied include knowledge, attitudes, and behavior

Result: The results of this study resulted in the PSN Mobile Triggering educational model, which is a field triggering model followed by Android-based triggering, which has been declared feasible after going through the validation stages of 100% health promotion experts, 94.55% IT experts, 92% educational technology experts, and 80 practitioners. % and 93.85% one-on-one trials, 95% small group trials, and 96% large group trials. The PSN Mobile Triggering Product is effective in increasing the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of the jumantik rumah to 100% in the implementation of mosquito nest eradication

Conclusion: The conclusion obtained is that the educational model is feasible and effective to use to increase the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of Jumantik Rumah in carrying out the eradication of mosquito nests.

Study On Scabies Among Santri Pondok Karya Pembangunan Al-Hidayah Jambi

Rina Fauziah — 2025-06-23

Background: Scabies is a contagious skin disease that spreads rapidly in densely populated environments such as Islamic boarding schools, especially when personal hygiene is poor and living spaces are overcrowded. In 2022, Pondok Karya Pembangunan Al-Hidayah in Jambi City reported the highest number of scabies cases among 11 pesantren, indicating the need for further investigation.

Method: This quantitative study employed an observational survey approach, conducted from February to April 2024. A total of 56 respondents were selected from 130 scabies-infected students using Slovin's formula. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and direct measurements of room dimensions. Variables included personal hygiene behavior, contact history, and room occupancy density. Data analysis used univariate descriptive statistics.

Result: The study found that 67.9% of respondents had poor personal hygiene, 64.3% had a history of direct or indirect contact with scabies sufferers, and 63.3% of the rooms were categorized as overcrowded. These findings indicate a strong correlation between the prevalence of scabies and the three examined factors.

Conclusion: Poor personal hygiene, a history of contact with infected individuals, and high room occupancy density were significant contributors to the spread of scabies in the studied pesantren. It is essential to implement hygiene education, regular health monitoring, and structural dormitory improvements to reduce scabies transmission among students.

The Impact of EDUMISEKI Media On The Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in The Simpang IV Sipin Health Center Work Area

Zakiyah Qotrunnada — 2025-06-23

Background: A group of metabolic diseases known as diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia, which can be caused by anomalies in insulin secretion, insulin activity, or both. The fifth highest number of countries with diabetes mellitus is Indonesia. In 2021, there were 19.5 million people with diabetes, and by 2045, that number is predicted to increase to 28.6 million. More specifically, in 2022, Jambi City had 21,127 people with diabetes mellitus, the most of all cities in Jambi Province. to overcome gangrene complications in diabetes patients, namely with foot exercises. foot exercises can improve blood circulation in. The purpose of this study was to improve the knowledge of diabetes patients through EDUMISEKI videos.

Method: The approach is quantitative. Pre-experimental study using a single group pre-test and post-test design is the methodology employed. 55 respondents made up the study’s sample, which was selected using a stratified random sampling technique.

Result: The results of this study were an increase in knowledge from 8.76% to 13.89% and had a significant influence on knowledge about diabetes mellitus and foot exercises with a p-value of 0.00 (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the influence and increase in knowledge of diabetes mellitus patients. Diabetes foot exercises are being used to increase blood flow and prevent foot gangrene issues. As part of this program, stakeholders are encouraged to participate from a wider range of sectors to assure the activity’s sustainability and growth.

Effectiveness of Stunting Education to Peers: A Scoping Review

Sugiarto Sugiarto — 2025-06-23

Background: Stunting is a public health problem that has a long-term impact on the quality of future generations. In this case, adolescent girls as future mothers play a strategic role in prevention efforts. The low knowledge and awareness of adolescent girls about nutrition can increase the risk of stunting in children in the future. Peer-based stunting education is considered effective because communication between friends is easier to accept and can create positive behavior change. The purpose of this scoping review is to analyze the effectiveness of stunting education to peers.

Methods: The method used in this study is a scoping review by determining keywords using the PICO format, namely P (adolescents), I (peer education), C (zero), O (knowledge of stunting) which captures articles from national and international journals in English and Indonesian, using the PRISMA-ScR method. The databases used were PubMed and Google Scholar with the search limit of research study category and publication year 2015-2025. Found in the initial search as many as 1,598 articles and filtered so that 7 articles were synthesized.

Results: Of the 7 studies identified, peer education was shown to increase knowledge about stunting by 34-65% and promote behavior change such as increased consumption of nutritious foods. Effective mechanisms include the use of digital media and participatory approaches. Key challenges include limited peer capacity in technical materials and infrastructure access gaps in remote areas.

Conclusion: Stunting education conducted through a peer approach significantly improves adolescent knowledge.

Effectiveness of Counseling with Animated Video Media on Increasing Knowledge of Dental and Oral Health Maintenance in Grade V Children of SDN 003/V Kuala Tungkal

Nurtazkia Husna — 2025-05-31

Background: Dental and oral health is a crucial part of general well-being that enables individuals to perform essential functions such as eating, breathing, and speaking. However, lack of knowledge and awareness, especially among children, can lead to dental problems. One effective way to increase this awareness is through educational interventions using audiovisual media. This study investigates the effectiveness of counseling with animated video media in increasing the knowledge of dental and oral health maintenance among fifth-grade students at SDN 003/V Kuala Tungkal.

Method: This research used a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pre-test and post-test method. The sampling technique employed was simple random sampling with 32 students divided equally into treatment and control groups. The data collection instrument used was a validated knowledge questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Paired T-Test and Independent T-Test statistical methods.

Result: The average knowledge score in the treatment group increased from 6.56 before the intervention to 13.00 after being given animated video education. Meanwhile, in the control group (which received counseling through lectures), the score changed only slightly from 5.75 to 5.81. The statistical test showed a significant difference in knowledge improvement in the treatment group (p = 0.000), proving that animated video media is more effective than traditional lecture methods.

Conclusion: The use of animated video media in health education was found to be more effective in increasing knowledge of dental and oral health maintenance compared to lecture methods among fifth-grade students of SDN 003/V Kuala Tungkal.

Nutrition Communication Via Tiktok and Implications On Health Problems of Adolescent Girls in Mataram

Lina Yunita — 2025-05-31

Background: Anemia is one of the five main nutritional problems in Indonesia. Adolescent girls are a group that is prone to anemia. Anemia is a condition where the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin concentration in them is lower than normal. This study aims to determine the differences between TikTok and Leaflet video media in nutrition education on knowledge, attitudes about anemia, iron intake and adherence to consuming iron tablets among young women at SMA Mataram City.

Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental research. The research subjects were 64 people consisting of 32 treatment groups and 32 control groups. The instruments used were questionnaire forms and record forms to determine knowledge, attitudes about anemia, iron intake and compliance with consuming iron tablets or blood supplement tablets.

Results: Data were tested using the Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney U tests. Fe intake was obtained using the method of recording food consumption once every 24 hours. There are differences between TikTok and Leaflet video media in nutrition education on knowledge, attitudes with a p value of 0.000 (< α = 0.05) and compliance with iron tablet consumption with a p value of 0.027 (< α = 0.05) and there is no significant difference in iron intake (p value 0.707).

Conclusion: There are significant differences before and after treatment in the variables of knowledge, attitude and compliance with the consumption of iron tablets in both groups. And there were no significant differences before and after treatment using Tiktok and Leaflet media on the subjects' iron intake variables.

The Effect of Booklet Media On Genitalia Personal Hygiene Knowledge in Adolescents at Panti Asuhan Putri Aisyiyah Yogyakarta

Dwi Yati — 2025-06-23

Background: Personal hygiene genitalia is a person's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors that improve health, maintain the cleanliness of the reproductive organs, and prevent the onset of diseases. Common reproductive health disorders include urinary tract infections, vaginal discharge, pelvic inflammatory diseases, and cervical cancer. Genetically modified personal hygiene behavior is fundamental because it is related to the prevention of negative impacts on reproductive health. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of booklet media health education on genitalia personal hygiene knowledge in adolescents at Panti Asuhan Putri Aisyiyah Yogyakarta.

Method: This study uses a quantitative method with a quasy experiment, one group pretest, and posttest design. The population and sample in this study were 39 young women at Panti Asuhan Putri Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Data collection will be carried out in August 2024. The research instrument used a personal hygiene genitalia knowledge questionnaire and a personal hygiene genitalia booklet media in women. The results of the study were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test.

Result: The results of the study showed that genetic personal hygiene knowledge before being given health education was in the sufficient category (69.2%). Then, after being given health education, knowledge increased to the good category (97.4%). The results of the Wilcoxon test strengthened the data obtained with a value of p=0.000.

Conclusion: The booklet on media health education influences genitalia and personal hygiene knowledge in adolescents at Panti Asuhan Putri Aisyiyah Yogyakarta.

Comparative Effectiveness of Pumpkin Cream Soup and Moringa Leaf Juice in Reducing Blood Glucose Levels

Dini Junita — 2025-05-31

Background: Blood glucose management is crucial for preventing complications related to diabetes. Nutritional interventions such as Moringa leaf juice and pumpkin cream soup have been proposed as functional foods to assist in glycemic control. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Moringa leaf juice and pumpkin cream soup compared to a control group in reducing blood glucose levels among adult participants.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted involving three groups: Moringa leaf juice intervention (n=20), pumpkin cream soup intervention (n=20), and a control group (n=20). Blood glucose reduction was measured pre- and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by post-hoc pairwise comparisons using the Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction. Effect sizes between groups were assessed using Cohen’s d.

Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in blood glucose reduction among the groups (p = 0.027). Post-hoc analyses indicated that both intervention groups (Moringa leaf juice and pumpkin cream soup) showed greater reductions compared to the control group; however, these differences were not statistically significant after Bonferroni correction. The comparison between Moringa leaf juice and pumpkin cream soup was not statistically significant (p = 0.950). Effect size analysis demonstrated small to moderate effects between the intervention groups and the control group, suggesting a clinically meaningful, though statistically non-significant, improvement in glucose control.

Conclusion: Both Moringa leaf juice and pumpkin cream soup interventions exhibited potential benefits in lowering blood glucose levels compared to no intervention. The observed effect sizes highlight their potential as complementary dietary strategies for blood glucose management. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer intervention periods are recommended.

Relationship Between Glycized Hemoglobin (HbA1c) And Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transminase (SGOT) Enzyme Activity in Patients Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Sindi Yulia Putri — 2025-05-31

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder marked by persistent hyperglycemia—an elevation of blood glucose levels that surpasses normal limits. One effective method to monitor the long-term glycemic control in individuals with DM is through the assessment of Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c). This study seeks to explore the intriguing relationship between HbA1c values and Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) enzyme activity in patients with type 2 DM. Notably, SGOT serves as a crucial marker for liver cell damage.

Method: This study conducted a cross-sectional exploration focused on a diverse population of patients with type 2 DM aged 18 and older, who met specific inclusion criteria. Data collection was carried out in 2024, with data analysis using the Pearson and Spearman correlation tests.

Result: The results reveal an average HbA1c value of 7.8% alongside an average SGOT enzyme activity of 19.9 U/L. Data analysis yielded a significance value of 0.626 (p > 0.05), indicating no meaningful relationship between HbA1c levels and SGOT enzyme activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This intriguing finding suggests that an elevation in HbA1c levels does not automatically lead to heightened SGOT enzyme activity, implying that not all individuals with type 2 diabetes suffer from liver dysfunction.

Conclusion: This finding implies that an increase in HbA1c levels does not necessarily correspond to an increase in SGOT enzyme activity, meaning that not all patients with type 2 diabetes experience impaired liver function. Given these insights, it is crucial for patients with type 2 diabetes to monitor their blood glucose and HbA1c levels regularly.

Analysis of Factors Associated with The Incidence of Stunting Among Toddlers in Maro Sebo District a Strategy to Accelerate Stunting Prevention Using The Hope (Humanity, Love, People Power) Approach

Kaimuddin Kaimuddin — 2025-06-23

Background: Stunting is a condition of impaired growth resulting from chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections, which can hinder children's physical development and increase their risk of disease. This study aims to identify the factors contributing to stunting among toddlers at the Jambi Kecil Health Center, Muaro Jambi Regency.

Methods: This research is a quantitative analytical study with a case-control design, conducted in Maro Sebo District to analyze the factors influencing stunting among toddlers. The sample consisted of 136 toddlers, comprising 68 cases and 68 controls, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test when the assumptions of the Chi-square test were not met.

Results and Discussion: The study found that stunting was more prevalent among toddlers who did not receive exclusive breastfeeding (63.8%), were born with low birth weight (62.3%), frequently experienced illness (67.3%), were malnourished (91.7%), had parents with low educational attainment (58.0%), and came from families with low economic status (59.8%). All of these factors were significantly associated with the incidence of stunting in the service area of the Jambi Kecil Health Center.

Conclusion: Stunting among toddlers in the Jambi Kecil Health Center area is influenced by the lack of exclusive breastfeeding, low birth weight, frequent illness, inadequate nutritional intake, low parental education, and poor socio-economic conditions. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for the Health Center in developing strategies to address stunting and to strengthen cross-sector collaboration.

Educational Games as an Innovative Health Education Strategy for Stunting Prevention: A Literature Review

Muhamad Abi Zakaria — 2025-05-31

Background: Stunting is a significant public health issue in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 21.6% in 2022. It is primarily caused by chronic nutritional deficiencies, recurrent infections, and lack of psychosocial stimulation. One innovative and effective approach in stunting prevention education is the use of educational games as interactive and engaging learning tools. However, comprehensive studies on the effectiveness of educational games in the context of stunting prevention are still limited.

Methods: This study employed a literature review approach using the PCC framework (Population, Concept, Context). The population included mothers. The concept was the use of educational games, and the context was stunting prevention. Articles were sourced from databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and manual searching. Inclusion criteria included original research published in the last five years, open access, and relevance to educational games in health education

Results: Eight articles were reviewed, revealing a variety of games used, including snakes and ladders, puzzles, simulation games, board games, and mobile educational apps. Most studies reported significant improvements in participants’ knowledge and engagement after game-based interventions. Educational games were found to be more effective than conventional educational methods. Implementation challenges included limited technological access, low digital literacy, scarce resources, and the need for cultural adaptation.

Conclusion: Educational games have the potential to be effective, enjoyable, and sustainable tools for health education in stunting prevention. To maximize effectiveness, local adaptation, facilitator training, and the development of context-specific media are essential. Games not only increase knowledge but also foster active participation and interest among communities, especially mothers and adolescents, in stunting prevention efforts.

Anti-Bacterial Potential Of Bidaraupas ( Decalobanthus mammosus) Extract Against Liver Macrophage Cells Indicated By Tuberculosis

Rachmaniyah Rachmaniyah — 2025-05-31

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly affecting the lungs and spreading through the air. Every year, around 10 million new TB cases are reported worldwide, with Indonesia ranking third in the highest number of TB cases. TB treatment faces challenges due to drug resistance, such as MDR-TB and XDR-TB, which is driving research on alternative therapies, one of which is Merremia mammosa extract, which is known for its antibacterial and immunomodulatory potential. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Merremia mammosa extract in enhancing the immune response, especially through liver macrophages, in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Method: Mice were divided into treatment and control groups, receiving the extract at varying doses after TB bacterial injection.

Results: The results showed that most of the groups with lower necrotic cell counts came from the group with low doses, such as P11, P12, P13, P14, and P15. However, groups such as P45, which exhibit a high number of necrotic cells, may suggest that higher doses of Merremia mammosa extract may trigger an excessive inflammatory response.

Conclusion: Low-dose administration of Merremia mammosa extract is effective in reducing liver cell necrosis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The low-dose group showed better tissue protection than high-doses, which in turn has the potential to trigger excessive inflammation.

Nutrition Education Based on The 'My T Plate' Model Enhances Adolescents’ Knowledge in Preventing Central Obesity

Egy Sunanda Putra — 2025-05-31

Background: Central obesity among adolescents aged over 15 years warrants serious attention, as approximately 80% of affected individuals are likely to remain obese into adulthood, thereby increasing their risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). A major contributing factor is the shift in dietary patterns, which is further exacerbated by limited knowledge regarding food choices and dietary diversity among adolescents. This study aims to analyzed the effect of the “My T Plate” animated video on adolescents’ knowledge in the context of central obesity prevention.

Method: This study employed a pre-experimental design with a pre-posttest without control group approach. The study population consisted of adolescents aged 15–18 years attending SMAN 10 in Jambi City. A total of 40 participants were selected using purposive sampling Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Result: The animated video intervention significantly improved participants’ knowledge (p < 0.0001), attitudes, and dietary diversity related to the prevention of central obesity.

Conclusion: Animated educational videos are effective in enhancing adolescent knowledge, making them a promising strategy for central obesity prevention among adolescent.

The Proportion of Starch Tuber Consumption Patterns and Prevalence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus

Frantiska Febryanti — 2025-05-31

Background: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are major health problems in Indonesia. Consumption of starch tubers, such as cassava and sweet potatoes, has the potential to affect blood sugar levels and blood pressure. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the proportion of starch tuber consumption and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus based on data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS).

Method: This study used a cross-sectional design with aggregate data from 38 provinces in Indonesia. Bivariate analysis used the Spearman correlation test.

Result: The results showed that consumption of starch tubers > 1 time per day and < 3 times per month had a significant relationship with the prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.00; p = 0.00) and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.00; p = 0.00). On the other hand, consumption of 1–6 times per week did not show a significant relationship with both diseases. The higher the proportion of starch tuber consumption, the lower the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the overall consumption of starch tubers in Indonesia is low. Especially consumption of starch tubers in weekly periods in urban areas on the incidence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. A nutritional education program policy is needed to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases.

The Relationship Between Peanut Consumption Patterns and The Prevalence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus (Indonesian Health Survey 2023 Analysis)

Dera Putri Noprianti — 2025-05-31

Background: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are major non-communicable diseases with a globally increasing prevalence, often influenced by dietary patterns. Nuts are known as a high-nutrient food source that can support the prevention and management of degenerative diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. This study aims to analyze the relationship between peanut consumption patterns and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Method: The study used a cross-sectional design with data aggregated on the results of the Indonesian Health Survey (IHS) 2023 by involving 38 provinces in Indonesia. Independent variables are the proportion consumption patterns of nuts. Dependent variables are prevalent hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Result: The results obtained the consumption of nuts ≥1 time per day with the prevalence of hypertension based on diagnosis (p-value 0.02), the prevalence of hypertension based on measurement results (p-value 0.01), and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus based on diagnosis (p-value 0.00). There is no significant relationship between the proportion consumption of nuts 1-6 times per week with the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The proportion of bean consumption ≤ 3 per month significant relationship with the prevalence of hypertension based on diagnosis (p-value 0.00), the prevalence of hypertension based on measurement (0.03), and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (p-value 0.00).

Conclusion: the results of the study show that increasing the frequency of consumption of legumes, especially in amounts that are more than three times per month, has the potential to reduce the prevalence of both diseases.

Good Practices of Specific Nutrition Interventions in Reducing Stunting Prevalence in Bengkulu City

Demsa Simbolon — 2025-05-31

Background. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is third in Asia and has not met the target nationally. The decrease in the prevalence of stunting in Bengkulu City is very significant. It is necessary to examine the good practices that have been done in reducing the prevalence of stunting. This study aims to analyze the good practices of specific nutrition interventions in reducing stunting prevalence in Bengkulu City.

Method. The study used research on policy design in Bengkulu City from August to November 2023. Data collection uses Focus Group Discussion (FGD), in-depth interviews, and document review. The informants were selected by purposive sampling, with analysis using the SWOT analysis and content analysis methods.

Result. Good practice in reducing stunting in Bengkulu City is a strong commitment of the local government by including this program in the Regional Government Work Plan. Cross-sector collaboration between governments, non-governmental agencies, and local communities strengthens stunting efforts. Regular training for Nutrition Implementers and health cadres increases their knowledge in dealing with nutrition issues. In addition, counseling on nutrition at posyandu and schools, as well as adequate access to health services, supports monitoring children's growth. Stunting case audits are also applied for quick handling, while special interventions target vulnerable groups such as toddlers and pregnant women.

Conclusion: Strengthening cross-sector coordination and providing periodic training for health workers are essential. Increased budget allocations for monitoring and evaluation, enhanced public education on balanced nutrition, and improved health facilities are vital to sustaining progress in reducing stunting.

Stunting In Children in Kendal Regency: Evaluation of Breastfeeding and Complementary Food Provision Patterns as The Main Factor

Titi Mursiti — 2025-05-31

Background: Kendal Regency is one of the regions in Indonesia registered as a stunting handling locus in the National Development Planning since 2021. The Stunting Reduction Acceleration Team was formed by Regent Regulation Number 42 of 2021, but the prevalence is still high at 22.4%. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing stunting, especially the pattern of exclusive breastfeeding and the pattern of complementary feeding given by mothers in the first 1000 days of a child's life.

Method: The cross-sectional study analytical survey research method in the Cepiring Health Center work area, Kendal Regency, Central Java was conducted in March 2025. Data analysis was conducted univariately, bivariately, and multivariately using the Chi-square test (χ2) with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05) and odds ratio.

Result: Children who do not receive exclusive breastfeeding have a 1.5 times greater risk of experiencing stunting with a ρ value of 0.003; OR 1.500 (CI 0.945 - 2.381), indicating a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting. Although children who are exclusively breastfed can still experience stunting, other factors, such as inappropriate patterns of complementary feeding (complementary feeding), contribute significantly to stunting. Children who receive inappropriate complementary feeding (late, with low nutritional quality) have a higher risk of stunting with a ρ value of 0.039 and OR 10.400 (CI 0.785 - 137.832).

Conclusion: To reduce the risk of stunting, it is important to educate parents about exclusive breastfeeding, the right complementary feeding pattern, and ensuring adequate nutrition for children from an early age.

Relationship Between The Consumption of Milk, Fat, and Oil with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in Adolescents

Saskia Febriani — 2025-05-31

Background: The prevalence and hypertension of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Indonesia continue to increase, mainly due to unhealthy lifestyles, including uncontrolled consumption of milk, fat, and oil. Teenagers, as the next generation, are at high risk if their diet is unbalanced. This research explores the influence of milk, fat, and oil consumption on the risk of hypertension and DM in adolescents, to provide new insights into prevention efforts. The aim is to analyze the relationship between the proportion of milk, fat, and oil consumption on hypertension and diabetes mellitus in adolescents based on doctor's diagnosis by province

Method: This type of research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach based on secondary data. The research sample was teenagers selected through a stratified random sampling method, to ensure a more accurate representation according to the characteristics of the population.

Result: This study revealed that milk consumption did not have a significant relationship with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, while fat and oil consumption was shown to be significantly related to an increased risk of these two diseases in various provinces

Conclusion: Milk consumption does not show a significant relationship with hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). In contrast, the consumption of fats and oils was significantly associated with an increased risk of both diseases. These results highlight the need for education and nutritional interventions to reduce the control of fat and oil consumption in adolescents to prevent hypertension and DM in various provinces.

Optimizing Indonesia’s Healthcare Response to Prediabetes: A Longitudinal Perspective

Rohani Retnauli Simanjuntak — 2025-05-31

Background: Prediabetes is an intermediate stage between normal blood glucose levels and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by elevated blood glucose that does not yet meet the criteria for diabetes. It significantly increases the risk of progressing to T2DM, highlighting the importance of early intervention. In Indonesia, addressing modifiable risk factors is crucial to reducing the prevalence of prediabetes.

Methods: Longitudinal data from 3548 respondents who met the study criteria were taken from the Bogor Cohort Study on NCD Risk Factors. In six observations, Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were used to analyze the factors influencing the transition from normoglycemia to prediabetes.

Results: The analysis identified several factors significantly associated with prediabetes risk. Protective factors included maintaining a BMI <25, waist circumference <80 cm (women) or 90 cm (men), regular physical activity (≥10 minutes daily walking/cycling), optimal lipid levels (total cholesterol ≤200 mg/dL; triglycerides ≤150 mg/dL; HDL ≥40 mg/dL [men] or >50 mg/dL [women]), non-sedentary behaviour, and systolic blood pressure <140 mmHg. Conversely, factors like a family history of diabetes and age >40 years significantly increased prediabetes risk.

Conclusion: While non-modifiable factors like age and family history of diabetes increase susceptibility, the study highlights the importance of modifiable lifestyle factors like maintaining BMI and waist circumferences, maintaining optimal lipid levels, controlling blood pressure, and participating in regular physical activity and an active lifestyle in lowering the risk of prediabetes.

Analysis of Prevalence Trends of Stunting, Wasting, And Underweight In Toddlers In Indonesia 2021-2023

Salia Gustiana — 2025-05-31

Background: Malnutrition in toddlers, especially stunting, wasting, and underweight, is still a public health challenge in Indonesia. Although various interventions have been implemented, the trend of growth disorders still shows regional differences. This study aims to analyze the trend of changes in the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight in toddlers in regional Indonesia from 2021-2023.

Method: This study used a descriptive design with a trend analysis approach. Data were obtained from the 2021-2022 Indonesian Nutrition Status Study (INSS) and the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS). The sample included toddlers aged 0-59 months who had complete anthropometric data. The analysis was conducted based on seven regional areas in Indonesia using descriptive statistical methods to identify patterns of changes in prevalence.

Result: The study showed that the prevalence of stunting decreased from 24.4% in 2021 to 21.5% in 2023. Wasting increased from 7.1% to 8.5% in 2023. Underweight showed a downward trend from 17% to 15.9%.

Conclusion: The highest prevalence of Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight during 2021-2023 was in the Eastern Indonesia Region, namely Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. Community-based interventions contributed to the reduction of stunting and underweight, but wasting remains a challenge that requires special attention. Policies that are more focused on improving food security and access to health services are needed to address nutritional disparities between regions.

Yellow Sweet Potato (YSP) Enhances Insulin Sensitivity and Reduces Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Obese Rats

Hapsari Sulistya Kusuma — 2025-05-31

Background: YSP (Ipomoea batatas) shows potential as a rice substitute due to its lower glycemic index, higher fiber content, and reduced caloric density. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a YSP-based diet on biomarkers of insulin resistance in obese rats.

Method: A randomized controlled trial was conducted using 28 rats, all rendered obese through a high-fat diet for 3 weeks, resulting in a Lee index greater than 310 g. The rats were then divided into four dietary groups and treated for an additional 3 weeks. The control group (K−) received standard AIN-93M feed. The positive control group (K+) received a modified standard feed in which 100% of the corn starch was replaced with rice. Group K1 was given 100% steamed YSP, while group K2 received 100% twice-steamed YSP. Blood samples were analyzed using SPSS software version 25.0. The K2 group demonstrated the most significant improvements across all measured parameters.

Results: Total antioxidant levels increased by 5.11 U/mL, while HOMA-IR and glycated albumin decreased by 5.67 and 3.83 pmol/mL, respectively. Post-prandial glucose levels also dropped significantly by 184 mg/dL. Furthermore, the K2 group exhibited the highest concentrations of GLUT4 (25.12 ng/mL), acetic acid (150.31 mmol/L), propionic acid (53.20 mmol/L), and butyric acid (27.18 mmol/L). Levels of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ were also highest in the K2 group at 1.94 ng/mL and 0.78 ng/mL, respectively. In contrast, glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) reached its highest level in the K− group at 9.91 mIU/mL.

Conclusion: A twice-steamed YSP diet significantly improved insulin sensitivity in obese rats. These findings suggest that YSP may serve as a functional food promoting metabolic health.

Irregular Menstrual Cycle in PT X Workers in Tasikmalaya City

Meti Patimah — 2025-05-31

Background: Women workers have their own challenges in the workplace because in addition to being workers, women have great responsibilities in the family. Many reproductive health problems may occur in female workers, one of which is menstrual cycle disorders. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors that influence menstrual cycle disorders in garment workers of PT X Tasikmalaya City.

Methods: Quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach on 134 female workers at PT X, sampling technique using simple random sampling, data collected using questionnaires, analyzed using univariate and bivariate with chi square.

Results: The results showed that the prevalence of amenorrhea 76 (56.7%), oligomenorrhea 3 (2.2%) and polymenorrhea 3 (2.2%). Factors affecting menstrual cycle disorders are age (<0.001), parity (<0.001), BMI (0.308), work division (0.075), work stress (0.021) and birth control methods used (<0.001).

Conclusion: The most common menstrual cycle disorder in PT X Tasikmalaya City workers is amenorrhea, and the most influential factors are worker age, parity, work stress and contraception methods used.

Correlation Of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) Levels In Patients Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) At Dr. Bratanata Hospital Jambi City

Restu Farizki — 2025-05-31

Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a disorder of heart function caused by reduced blood supply to the heart muscle, resulting in blockage of the coronary arteries due to plaque formation that known as atherosclerosis, this condition is caused by hypercholesterolemia which can induce Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) so that neutrophil extravasation occurs, a condition of increased neutrophil levels in the body. Increased atherosclerosis leads to apoptosis, resulting in elevated neutrophil levels and reduced lymphocyte levels in the blood, thereby affecting the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), which reflects an individual's immune status. Blood cells adhere to form atherosclerotic cell aggregates, stimulating active inflammatory cells. Inflammation can be detected by the biomarker High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP).

Methods: This descriptive-analytic study used a cross-sectional design and population comprised 30 CHD patients at Dr. Bratanata Hospital Jambi. The sample were selected by using purposive sampling, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Hs-CRP levels were measured using a Wondfo Meter and NLR was measured using the Mindray Hematology Analyzer. Statistical tests were conducted to determine the relationship between the variables.

Results: The average NLR was 7.82 and also the average Hs-CRP level was 4.94 mg/L. But there was no significant correlation between NLR and Hs-CRP levels in CHD patients. Although the regression plot suggested a possible positive trend but still not statistically significant.

Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between NLR and Hs-CRP levels in CHD patients at Dr. Bratanata Hospital Jambi.

Vitamin D Is Rich in Benefits That Are a Priority in The Disease: Literature Review

Nayaka Alghany Ismu Arif — 2025-05-31

Background: Research on literature studies that explain the importance of vitamin D as an important factor supporting prevention, control, and even maintenance to survive the Disease attack.

Methods: In this study, the authors conducted a literature review to gather various valid results regarding the importance of vitamin D in our lives, especially to prevent the major threats that occur with infection with the disease virus. In this study, the authors reviewed articles published from 2008 to 2021 through the electronic databases used to identify relevant research, namely Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar, which were restricted to publications from 2008 to 2021. The electronic search database found 60 articles. while only 17 studies were used as articles for the research objectives.

Results: From this study, the authors collected research data regarding the benefits of vitamin D as a major supporting factor in the healing of diseaseinfection including avoid the occurrence of cytokine storms and not only that, the authors also revealed threat events that occur if the body is deficient in vitamin D which causes the threat to the cardiovascular system, lungs, kidneys, even heart, rheumatoid arthritis, and even excess Vitamin D causes effects including hypercalcemia.

Conclusion: The use of vitamin D as the main therapy to support prevention, healing, and health maintenance to protect against Disease infection is very feasible so that quality of life during and after the Disease can be maintained.

More Than Just Food: Exploring Cultural, Emotional, And Practical Realities of Complementary Feeding in Wasted Children

Rahayu Widaryanti — 2025-05-31

Background: The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia has decreased, but there is an increase in wasting cases. Children who experience wasting have a 3 times higher risk of becoming stunted compared to children with normal nutritional status. Wasting is not only caused by a lack of food intake, but also influenced by various factors. This study aims to explore the practice of complementary feeding from various aspects from the perspective of mothers who have wasting children.

Method: In-depth interviews (IDI) were conducted with 16 parents of children aged 6-24 months with wasting nutritional status in 4 areas in Sleman Regency. The triangulation method was conducted by interviewing the family, including husband and grandmother, and health cadres.

Result: There were four main themes influencing complementary feeding practices, namely: 1) Cultural aspects including traditions, perceptions of food, and family roles; 2) Emotional and psychological aspects such as maternal rejection or acceptance of wasting; 3) Practical realities, including access to food ingredients and mother's time; and 4) Maternal nutrition understanding and experience with educational programs. Mothers who accepted their child's wasting condition were more open to education and tended to make changes to their complementary feeding practices.

Conclusion: Addressing wasting cannot be done solely with nutritional interventions, but requires an approach that considers the cultural, emotional, and practical context faced by mothers. Empathetic and contextualized nutrition education is key to saving children from wasting that progresses to stunting.

Personal Twins Daughter's Experience When My Father Left Me To Continue Nursing Study In Another City: A Case Study

Nafeeza Dhia Syafarana — 2025-05-31

Background: Father absence due to higher education can significantly impact child development, especially in a cultural context that values family values , such as Indonesia. This study explores our personal experiences as twin daughters of a father who studied for his undergraduate, master's, and doctoral degrees in another city, which resulted in his absence for seven years of our growing up.

Method: This study used a qualitative case study approach with an open-ended interview technique. Interviews were conducted between participants with a jointly developed question guide. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and key themes from the published narratives.

Results: Three main themes were found: (1) Emotional turmoil and abandonment, reflecting emotional instability due to the father's absence; (2) Challenges to self-esteem, indicating the need for a father figure in building children's self-confidence; and (3) Coping mechanisms and resilience, in the form of support from the mother, extended family, and positive activities that help foster coping.

Conclusion: The results show that the absence of the verse impacts the emotional, psychological, and social aspects of children, in line with previous literature findings. This study highlights the importance of supportive interventions and the active role of families in mitigating the impact of a father's absence.

Proportion of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and The Prevalence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus In Indonesia (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia Analysis 2023)

Nadia Vykhanza — 2025-05-31

Background: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major global health issues due to their high prevalence and impact on morbidity and mortality. A key risk factor for both diseases is an unhealthy diet, particularly low intake of fruits and vegetables. These foods provide essential nutrients that help reduce the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This study aimed to examine the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and the incidence of hypertension and DM in Indonesia, using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS).

Method: The study used a cross-sectional design from aggregate data from 38 provinces as a result of the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. Bivariate analysis uses Pearson and Spearman correlation.

Result: The prevalence of hypertension based on blood pressure measurements was 26.5%. This study showed that infrequent consumption of vegetables and fruits (1-2 servings per day in a week) was significantly positively associated with the prevalence of hypertension (r=0.443) and DM (r=0.405), and the proportion of consumption of vegetables and fruits of more than 4 servings per day in a week was negatively related to the prevalence of hypertension (r=-0.205) and DM (r=-0.256). These results suggest that more frequent consumption of vegetables and fruits can reduce the prevalence of DM.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the overall consumption of fruits and vegetables in Indonesia is low, especially in urban areas, contributing to higher rates of hypertension and DM. Policies promoting better nutrition education and healthier food access are essential to reducing the risk of these non-communicable diseases.

The Proportion of Seasoning Consumption Habits and The Prevalence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus (Indonesian Health Survey 2023)

Keisya Najlaa Alia — 2025-05-31

Background: Non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus are increasing globally, including in Indonesia. One of the risk factors that is thought to contribute is the habit of consuming seasonings containing sodium and monosodium glutamate (MSG). This study aims to analyze the relationship between the proportion of seasoning consumption and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus based on data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS).

Method: The research method used was a cross-sectional design with samples from households spread across 38 provinces in Indonesia. Data were collected through interviews, blood pressure measurements, and blood glucose level checks.

Result: The results of the analysis showed a significant relationship between daily seasoning consumption and an increase in the prevalence of hypertension based on a doctor's diagnosis (r = 0.470), while based on measurement results it was (r = 0.511), and for the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was (r = 0.364). Conversely, less frequent consumption tends to reduce the prevalence of both diseases.

Conclusion: The conclusion of this study confirms that high consumption of seasonings contributes to an increased risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, so education on balanced sodium consumption and control of seasoning use needs to be improved to prevent negative impacts on public health. These findings are expected to be the basis for consideration by policymakers in designing more effective nutrition interventions and health promotion programs.

Integration of Digital Health Education Models into Primary Healthcare Services to Improve Early Detection and Treatment Adherence for Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review

Abbasiah Abbasiah — 2025-05-31

The Relationship Between The Severity Of Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia (CML) Patients And The Myeloid: Erythroid Ratio At Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang

Larasti Putri Umizah — 2025-05-31

cells, often linked to the Philadelphia chromosome. It progresses through three phases: chronic, accelerated, and blastic. Diagnosis involves bone marrow puncture (BMP), which also measures the Myeloid: Erythroid (M: E) ratio to assess blood cell production. CML accounts for about 15% of adult leukemia cases, mostly in individuals aged 40–60. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital (RSMH) in Palembang serves as a cancer referral center with integrated oncology services.

Objective: This study investigates the relationship between CML severity and M: E ratio in patients at RSMH in 2024.

Method: The research method uses Descriptive Analytical with a Cross Sectional approach. The number of samples that will be used in this research is 40 Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia patients in the Internal Medicine Hematology Oncology Division of Mohammad Hoesin Hospital (RSMH). Bone marrow samples analyzed via BMP and stained with Wright stain. The Myeloid: Erythroid (M:E) ratio, measured from bone marrow examinations. This ratio indicates the balance of blood cell production and is essential for evaluating disease impact.

Result: The mean severity was in the chronic phase for 32 patients (76.2%). The average myeloid-to-erythroid (M: E ) ratio was 22.69, with 40 patients (95.2%) showing a high ratio (>6:1). There was no statistically significant correlation between disease severity and the M: E ratio (p>0,05).

Conclusion: These findings suggest that most patients were in the chronic phase, indicating a lower severity. The chronic phase is characterized by a relatively stable condition with fewer blast cells in the blood and bone marrow, in contrast to the more aggressive accelerated and blastic phases. Implement a comprehensive early-detection program for leukemia across all age groups—from students to the general population to facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment.

Supplementary Food and Consumption of Iron Tablets with The Prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency

Fathiya Kela Urbianti — 2025-05-31

Background: The prevalence of pregnant and non-pregnant women experiencing chronic nutritional deficiency (CED) has become a societal issue. Chronic Energy Deficiency is characterized by chronic energy intake occurring in women of reproductive age. The provision of Supplementary Food based on local food with regional menus adjusted to local conditions, as well as the consumption of iron tablets (CIT), aims to meet nutritional needs, especially for those experiencing Chronic Energy Deficiency. The study aims to determine the relationship between the prevalence of the proportion of supplementary feeding and iron tablet distribution with the prevalence of chronic energy deficiency in Indonesia.

Method: This research uses aggregated data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS). The sample consists of 38 provinces in Indonesia divided into seven regions. The dependent variable is the prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency in pregnant and non-pregnant women. The independent variables are the proportion of women (pregnant and non-pregnant) who do not receive Supplementary Food and the proportion of mothers (pregnant and non-pregnant) who do not receive consumption of iron tablets. Data analysis used the Spearman test.

Result: The research findings indicate that there is no significant relationship between the proportion of non-receipt of Supplementary Food and the proportion of non-receipt of (CIT) with the prevalence of pregnant and non-pregnant women with chronic nutritional deficiency (CED) (p-value >0.05)

Conclusion: Further evaluation is needed on the effectiveness of the Supplementary Feeding and Iron Tablet programs, as well as a more comprehensive approach to reducing the prevalence of anemia in Indonesia

The Relationship Between Knowledge and Tooth Brushing Behavior in Children with Mild Impairment in SLBN Full River City Year 2024

Sukarsih Sukarsih — 2025-05-31

Background: Mental retardation is a child who has below average intellectual abilities and tends to be intellectually, physically, emotionally and socially retarded. The causes of dental and oral disease are influenced by various factors, including knowledge, behavior, and dental and oral health services. Dental and oral diseases that many Indonesian people suffer from are generally related to dental and oral hygiene. One way to maintain oral hygiene is by brushing your teeth properly and correctly. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between knowledge and tooth brushing behavior in mentally retarded children at SLB N Sungai Penuh City.

Method: This research design used a cross sectional method, the sample used was purposive sampling, a total of 32 students. The data collection method is by distributing questionnaires to be filled in by students and using the data analysis technique uses Chi-Square.

Result: The results of research on the level of knowledge of SLB N students in Sungai Penuh City had high criteria of 31.3%, medium 43.8%, and low 25.0%. Based on tooth brushing behavior, the criteria are 34.4% good, 37.5% moderate, and 28.1%. Conclusion: The results of statistical tests showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge and toothbrushing behavior in children with intellectual disabilities at SLB N Sungai Penuh City.

Analysis of Knowledge and Behavior of Dental and Oral Health Maintenance in Students of SDN 050/XI Kumun Hilir Kota Sungai Penuh in 2024

Aida Silfia — 2025-05-31

Background: Oral health is important for general health and quality of life. Oral health means being free from throat cancer, oral infections and sores, gum disease, tooth loss and other diseases, resulting in disorders that limit biting, chewing, smiling and speaking. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge and the behavior of maintaining oral health of students at SDN 050/XI Kumun Hilir, Sungai Penuh City in 2024.

Method: This cross-sectional study, conducted on March 18, 2024, at SDN 050/XI Kumun Hilir, analyzed 30 second-grade students. Total sampling was used. Data on oral health knowledge and behavior were collected via valid and reliable questionnaires. Analysis involved univariate and bivariate methods, utilizing the Chi-Square test.

Result: Most second-grade students at SDN 050/IX Kumun Hilir demonstrated high oral health knowledge (63.3%) and good oral hygiene practices (66.7%). Notably, 50.0% of students with high knowledge also showed good oral health behavior, significantly more than those with moderate (13.3%) or low (3.3%) knowledge. Statistical analysis confirmed a relationship between knowledge level and oral health maintenance behavior in these students.

Conclusion: Students are advised to improve their tooth brushing habits in the morning after breakfast and at night before going to bed and maintain a diet that includes watery and high-fiber foods such as fruits and vegetables and reduce sweet and sticky foods.

Vitamin A Coverage and Prevalence of Stunting, Underweight, And Wasting in Children 6-59 Months of Age (Analysis of IHS 2023 Data)

Alfi Rahmi — 2025-05-31

Background: Nutritional problems, such as stunting, wasting, and being underweight, are significant contributors to the global burden of disease in children, including in Indonesia. Indonesia has been identified as having low levels of Vitamin A sufficiency among under-fives. Vitamin A deficiency can inhibit protein synthesis, which is critical for cell development. As a result, Vitamin A-deficient children are at high risk of growth impairment. This study aims to analyze the association between Vitamin A supplementation and the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight among children under five years of age in Indonesia using the 2023 IHS (Indonesia Health Survey) data.

Method: This study used a cross-sectional design using secondary aggregate data from the 2023 IHS covering 38 provinces in seven regions in Indonesia. The independent variable in this study is the proportion of Vitamin A supplementation, while the dependent variable is the prevalence rate of stunting, wasting, and underweight. The analysis will be conducted using the Pearson correlation test, after previously testing the normality of the data.

Result: The results showed that vitamin A coverage was significantly associated with the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting. The higher the vitamin A coverage, the lower the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting.

Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that vitamin A supplementation plays an important role in reducing the prevalence of stunting and wasting. This study provides a basis for more effective policies and interventions aimed at addressing child malnutrition in Indonesia.

Stunting in Children Under Two Years Old in Rural Areas Wonosobo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia: Does Anemia Matter?

Hadi Ashar — 2025-05-31

Background: Stunting is a serious problem if it is not treated better. Several factors are known to influence stunting, what about anemia in children under two old? This study aims to know the factors that influence stunting, especially anemia in children under two old in rural regions. Method: Cross sectional research in rural regions in Wonosobo Regency involving 285 respondents. This study analyzed five independent variables (gender, age, Hb status, maternal education, and maternal occupation). Meanwhile, the dependent variable is stunting. The author uses a logistic regression test at the final stage.

Results: This research shows that there is no relationship between gender, age, maternal education, maternal employment, and stunting p =>0.05. Meanwhile, what had a significant relationship was the anemia status of children under two old with p-value of < 0.05. Logistic regression analysis proves that anemia in children under two years old has a risk of 2,105 times stunting compared to those who are not anemic (95% CI: 1.168 – 3.795).

Conclusion: This research shows that anemia in children under two old influences the incidence of stunting in rural regions in Wonosobo Regency Central Java Indonesia.

Relationship of Proportions Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) with the Prevalence of Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight in Children 0-23 Months

Arzerin Dera Valencia — 2025-05-31

Background: Stunting, wasting, and underweight in children under two years of age are serious health problems in many countries, including Indonesia. Adequate nutrition in the first two years of life is essential to prevent growth and development disorders. A minimum acceptable diet (MAD) can reduce the prevalence of nutritional problems in children, but the provision of MAD in Indonesia is often not in accordance with recommendations. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the proportion of MAD with the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight in children aged 0-23 months in Indonesia.

Method: The study used a cross-sectional design with aggregate data from 38 provinces from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS).

Results: The independent variables analyzed included five MAD indicators, namely food diversity, meal frequency, milk provision, minimal diet accepted, and animal protein consumption. The dependent variables were the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight, which were measured using anthropometric indicators (BAZ, HAZ, and WAZ).

Conclusion: The results of this study can be the basis for formulating health policies to improve child feeding patterns and reduce the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight in Indonesia.

Relationship Between Status and Frequency of Weighing with Prevalence of Severely Wasting and Wasting In Toddlers In Indonesia

Bunga Ananda Putri — 2025-05-31

Background: Wasting is a health problem that affects children's growth and development. This study aims to analyze the relationship between weighing frequency and the prevalence of nutritional status (severely wasting and wasting) in children aged 0-23 months in Indonesia.

Methods: This study used a descriptive correlation method with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of toddlers aged 12-18 months who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through the Healthy Menu Card (KMS) and analyzed using a correlation statistical test.

Result: The results showed that the Papua region had the highest proportion of toddlers who were not weighed (67.6%), while Java and Bali had the highest proportion of toddlers who were weighed more than 8 times (73.8%). The highest wasting prevalence was found in Papua (14.2%) and the lowest in Java and Bali (3.2%). The results of the analysis showed a significant relationship between weighing frequency and the prevalence of wasting (p = 0.011) and severe wasting (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: Therefore, increasing the frequency of weighing and nutritional interventions are needed to address the problem of wasting in toddlers.

Association The Proportion of Carbonated Beverage Consumption and The Prevalence of Hypertension and Diabetes in Indonesia (Indonesia Health Survey Analysis 2023)

Mia Jana Ria — 2025-05-31

Background: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are non-communicable diseases with increasing prevalence in Indonesia. High consumption of carbonated beverages is suspected to be a major risk factor due to their high sugar and sodium content, which can affect blood pressure and glucose levels.

Method: This cross-sectional study used aggregate data from IHS 2023. The sample consisted of regional data from 38 provinces in Indonesia. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests to assess the relationship between carbonated beverage consumption and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes.

Result: Summarize the key findings of the study. The results showed that consuming carbonated beverages ≥1 time/day had a significant relationship with the prevalence of hypertension (r=0.612; p=0.001) and diabetes (r=0.629; p=0.001). Consumption of 1-6 times/week was also associated with hypertension (r=0.343; p=0.035) and diabetes (r=0.362; p=0.026). However, consumption ≤3 Times/month showed only a weak relationship with the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes.

Conclusion: High consumption of carbonated beverages is significantly associated with increased prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among individuals aged ≥15 years in Indonesia. Health policies are needed to reduce carbonated beverage consumption, such as health education and the implementation of taxes on sugary drinks.

The Relationship Between The Age Of Introducing Complementary Foods And The Prevalence Of Stunting, Wasting, Underweight In Toddlers In Indonesia

Reka Widi Astuti — 2025-05-31

Background: The toddler stage is a crucial phase in a child's growth that requires optimal nutritional intake. Nutritional issues such as stunting, wasting, and underweight continue to be health concerns in Indonesia. The provision of complementary foods at the right time is important to meet the nutritional needs of children.

Method: This study uses a cross-sectional design with secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey covering all provinces, grouped by region areas. The independent variable is the age of introduction to complementary feeding, categorized into less than six months, six months, and more than six months. Meanwhile, the dependent variables are the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight. The analysis was conducted using the Pearson correlation test after the normality test was fulfilled.

Result: Research results show that the introduction of complementary feeding at the age of six months is associated with a decrease in the prevalence of stunting and wasting. On the other hand, the introduction of complementary feeding after six months is associated with an increase in nutritional problems, and the introduction before six months does not show a significant relationship.

Conclusion: Six months of age is the ideal time for introducing complementary feeding to reduce the risk of stunting and wasting, as well as to support nutritional intervention efforts and health policies to reduce malnutrition among toddlers in Indonesia.

Trend of Overweight and Obesity Prevalence In Adult Males In Indonesia 2010-2023

Sekar Arum Buana — 2025-05-31

Background: Overweight and obesity are growing nutritional issues among adult Indonesian males, significantly increasing their risk of chronic diseases. This rise is primarily attributed to an imbalance in nutritional intake and lifestyle changes. This study will analyze the prevalence and distribution of overweight and obesity in adult Indonesian males, utilizing data from the 2010 and 2018 Basic Health Research, and the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (IHS).

Methods: This study is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach and quantitative descriptive methods. The study population was adult males >18 years in 38 provinces in Indonesia, grouped into 7 regional areas. Data were obtained from Basic Health Research 2010, 2018, and IHS 2023. Overweight status was determined based on BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m² to < 27.0 kg/m² and obesity ≥ 27.0 kg/m². Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.

Results: The prevalence of overweight nationally increased from 8.9% (2010) to 13.5% (2023), while obesity increased from 8.5% (2010) to 15.6% (2023). The Papua region showed the highest prevalence for both categories, increasing from 10.6% (2010) to 15.2% (2023), while the Nusa Tenggara region had the lowest prevalence for both categories, increasing from 6.2% (2010) to 9.8% (2023).

Conclusion: Overweight and obesity in adult Indonesian males significantly rose from 2010-2023. Public health efforts are crucial, promoting healthy eating, physical activity, and weight management education to reduce chronic disease risks.

The Relationship Between Carbohydrate Intake and Nutritional Status In Physical Fitness Among Students Of The 2023 Class Of Physical Education, Health, And Recreation At Universitas Muhammadiyah Muara Bungo

Yessy Fitriani — 2025-05-31

Background: University students are in the transitional age group towards adulthood and require sufficient carbohydrate and energy intake to support physical activity and fitness. One way to monitor nutritional status is by measuring body mass index (BMI). Food sources that supply adequate energy are crucial for daily consumption to positively impact physical fitness. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between carbohydrate intake and nutritional status in physical fitness among students of the 2023 class of physical education, health, and recreation at Universitas Muhammadiyah Muara Bungo.

Methods: This study employed an observational approach with a cross-sectional design to analyze the relationship between the independent variables, namely carbohydrate intake and nutritional status. The study population consisted of 75 students, with a sample of 42 students. Inclusion criteria included students who participated, were at least 19 years old, and in good health. Primary data collected included respondent identity, carbohydrate intake, nutritional status, and physical fitness, obtained through interviews using a quantitative research questionnaire.

Results: The study found that 61.9% of students had inadequate carbohydrate intake, while 59.5% had normal nutritional status. Statistical analysis using the Spearman Rank test showed no significant relationship between carbohydrate intake and nutritional status with physical fitness, with a p-value of -0.189 for carbohydrate intake and 0.096 for nutritional status.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that adequate carbohydrate intake and good nutritional status do not significantly contribute to improving the physical fitness of students in the 2023 class of Physical Education, Health, and Recreation at Universitas Muhammadiyah Muara Bungo.

Correlation of HbA1C Levels and Erythrocyte Indices in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Laili Amelia — 2025-05-31

Background: Hyperglycemia is a leading indicator of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Long-lasting hyperglycemia has an effect on all body tissues. This effect is related to protein glycation namely HbA1C, and changes in structure and function of erythrocyte. The erythrocyte indices consists of MCV, MCH, and MCHC. This study aim to determine the correlation of HbA1C levels with erythrocyte indices in patients with T2DM.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with T2DM visiting at the Multiwahana and Kampus Health Center Palembang from November to December 2024. After taking laboratory test of HbA1C, MCV, MCH, and MCHC, data were collected and computed by using Spearman correlation test.

Results: A total of 50 diabetic patients were eligible for this study with a mean HbA1C was 7.36±1.76%, MCV 83.69±6.70fL, MCH 27.96±2.70pg, MCHC 33.32±1.18%. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that HbA1C significantly correlated with MCHC, inversely correlated with MCV, but there was no significant correlation of HbA1C and MCH.

Conclusion: The study highlighted that MCHC significantly correlated with HbA1C, it’s affordable and readily accessible test, it may be used as an indicator of glycemic status. It’s important for diabetic patients to prevent long-lasting hyperglycemia by monitoring glycemic index and taking medication regularly.

Differences in Material Quality Control Examination Results On Hematology Analyzer Equipment Before and After Passing The Open Stability Period

Fitri Agustini — 2025-05-31

Background : Internal Quality Improvement (PMI) is a preventive and monitoring activity carried out by each laboratory continuously to prevent or reduce the occurrence of errors/deviations so that correct inspection results are obtained. Quality Control on the Hematology Analyzer tool is important to carry out an analysis of accuracy, precision, and then evaluated using the Levey-Jennings chart which aims to determine any measurement deviations in the tool QC Level-N, QC Level-L, QC Level-H should be stored at 2-8°C before and after opening. If treated like this, unopened products are guaranteed to be stable until the expiry date stated on the packaging. Once opened, the product is stable for 7 days if returned immediately to the refrigator after use. Research purposes is knowing the differences in material quality control inspection results on the hematology analyzer before and after going through the open stability period.

Methods: This research uses a descriptive observational study with a cross sectional design. This research was carried out in November-December 2024.

Result: The average results of the material quality control examination on the hematology analyzer before going through the open stability period were at low level WBC 3.47, RBC 2.64, HGB 6.2, HCT 18.07, and PLT 93.29, at a normal WBC level 7.06. RBC 4.40, HGB 11.87, HCT 33.24, PLT 219.71, at high level WBC 17.24, RBC 5.29, HGB 15.91, HCT 43.87, PLT 522.14. The average results of the material quality control examination on the hematology analyzer after passing through the open stability period were at low levels WBC 3.54, RBC 2.64, HGB 6.2, HCT 18.21, and PLT 91.29, at normal levels WBC 7.13, RBC 4.42, HGB 11.89, HCT 33.54, PLT 221.57, at high WBC level 17.26, RBC 5.30, HGB 15.96, HCT 44.07, PLT 524.71.

Conclusion: There was no difference in the results of material quality control checks on the hematology analyzer before and after going through the open stability period.

The Relationship Between The Duration Of Treatment With The Ratio Of Platelets To Lymphocytes and The Ratio Of Neutrophils To Lymphocytes In Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Syayida Halifa Natasya — 2025-05-31

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection triggers a systemic inflammatory response, reflected by hematological changes such as increased Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR). This study aims to determine the relationship between the duration of treatment and PLR and NLR values in pulmonary TB patients

Methods: The type of research used was descriptive research with a cross-sectional study. Data was collected to determine the Relationship between Duration of Treatment with PLR and NLR in TB Patients in Jambi City in 2025.

Results: This study found that the mean values of PLR and NLR tend to increase during the early phase of tuberculosistreatment and decrease in the advanced phase. These results are consistent with our initial hypothesis regarding the relationship between treatment phases and changes in inflammatory parameters. Laboratory analysis data, including descriptive data and PLR and NLR values based on treatment duration, were analyzed using statistical tests. Although the analysis revealed no significant association between treatment duration and PLR or NLR values in pulmonary tuberculosispatients

Conclusion: The duration of treatment does not directly influence changes in PLR and NLR levels. Several studies have also demonstrated that inflammatory parameters such as PLR and NLR can be affected by individual factors, particularly the body's immune response, which are not necessarily dependent on the length of treatment. Therefore, individual factors and other clinical conditions may substantially influence PLR and NLR parameters.

Correlation Analysis of Gadget Use with Changes in Teenagers Behavior

Titik Sumiatin — 2025-05-31

Background: The use of gadgets among Indonesian teenagers has rapidly increased with the development of global information technology. Although it is a matter of pride, the negative impacts of gadget use are starting to be felt, especially by parents who have difficulty controlling their children. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between gadget use and changes in adolescent behavior.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used was quota sampling on 186 adolescents. Gadget addiction was measured using the Smartphone Addiction Index—Short Version (SAS-SV) questionnaire, and Behavior in this study was calculated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Data were analyzed using chi-square.

Results: The study showed that almost all teenagers (97%) were in the medium and high category of gadget users and experienced negative behavioral changes. Based on the results of the analysis test, there was a significant relationship between gadget use and behavioral changes in teenagers (p = 0.001)

Conclusion: Gadget addiction in adolescents is related to behavioral changes in adolescents.

Analysis of Behavioural Factors Contributing To Chronic Energy Deficiency (CHD) Among Pregnant Women In Developing Countries: A Systematic Review

Moch Taufik Hidayatullah — 2025-05-31

Background: The nutritional condition of pregnant women is still a problem that needs serious attention in developing countries. In Indonesia, many pregnant women still experience nutritional problems, especially Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). This achievement shows that efforts to reduce the number of CEDs have not reached the expected target, indicating the importance of increasing nutritional interventions for pregnant women. This systematic literature review aims to identify and analyze various behavioral risk factors of malnourished pregnant women through an article review.

Methods: Inclusion criteria in this study were community-based studies in developing countries with analytical observational research designs such as cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort. Exclusion criteria were literature review studies and studies that did not report relevant results.

Results: Behavioural risk factors contributing to undernutrition or CED in pregnant women consist of knowledge, attitudes, and actions such as ANC utilization, diet, and food aversion. Pregnant women's knowledge can influence their attitudes toward efforts to prevent or overcome malnutrition or chronic energy deficiency. Pregnant women who have positive behavioral risk factors are less likely to experience malnutrition or chronic energy deficiency than pregnant women who have negative behavioral risk factors.

Conclusion : Behavioral risk factors such as knowledge, attitudes, and actions related to ANC, diet, and food aversion contribute to malnutrition in pregnant women with CED, so community empowerment through health workers is needed to overcome this.

Forms of Social Support For Hemodialysis Patients In Improving Fluid Restriction Adherence: A Scoping Review

Ririn Pipii Moko — 2025-05-31

Background: Hemodialysis is a renal replacement therapy that requires patient compliance with fluid restrictions to prevent complications and improve quality of life. Hemodialysis patients often experience difficulties complying with fluid restrictions, which can lead to fluid overload and affect the effectiveness of therapy. Social support from various parties, such as family, medical personnel, and fellow patients, is vital in increasing patient motivation and ability to comply with fluid restrictions. This article aims to explore the forms of social support for hemodialysis patients in improving fluid restriction compliance.

Methods: This scoping review design uses the Arksey and O'Malley model to analyze the scoping review. Literature sources used were through online databases, namely PubMed, Science Direct, Garuda, Proquest, Global Index Medicus, Wiley, and Cochrane from 2014 to 2024. Identification and analysis using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis for Scoping Review (PRISMA-SR)

Results: With 13 articles analyzed, this article summarizes the effect of social support on fluid restriction compliance in the sense that it is effective for improving fluid restriction compliance with hemodialysis.

Conclusion: Social support is efficacious in improving compliance with fluid assurance in hemodialysis patients.

Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Proportion of Type of Diabetes Mellitus Control In Indonesia: 2023 IHS Data Analysis

Amorita Azzah Ramadhan — 2025-05-31

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the mother of all diseases in Indonesia, and if left untreated, it can cause various other diseases such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. Based on IHS data in 2023, the types of diabetes mellitus control available in Indonesia include dietary control, exercise, and herbal choices. Based on the analysis of IHS data in 2023, this study aimed to examine the relationship between the prevalence of diabetes mellitus based on a doctor's diagnosis and the types of diabetes mellitus control available in Indonesia.

Methods: This research is quantitative and cross-sectional, using aggregate data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey report covering 38 provinces divided into seven regions. After the normality test was met, analysis was carried out using the Pearson correlation test.

Results: The results showed that the proportion of DM control type (diet management) was not related to the incidence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.07), and the proportion of DM control type (exercise) (p = 0.36), but was related to the proportion of DM control type (herbal alternatives) (p = 0.00).

Conclusion: This study concludes that the type of DM control (eating and exercise management) is not related to the incidence of diabetes mellitus based on a doctor's diagnosis in Indonesia. In contrast, the type of DM control (herbal alternatives) is associated with the incidence of diabetes mellitus based on a doctor's diagnosis in Indonesia.

The The Correlation Between Treatment Duration with Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) In Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients In Jambi City

Elsi Indah Putri — 2025-05-31

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is still a major health concern worldwide. The platelet‑lymphocyte ratio and monocyte‑lymphocyte ratio are simple blood-based markers of systemic inflammation that may track treatment response. This study examined whether a longer course of anti-TB therapy is linked to lower PLR and MLR values in patients from Jambi City.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis involved 30 smear-positive pulmonary TB patients recruited from community health centres. Fifteen patients had received treatment for less than 2 months, and fifteen for more than 2 months. PLR and MLR were calculated from complete blood counts. Group differences were tested with the independent‑samples t-test.

Results: The mean PLR was 142 in the < 2-month group and 137 in the > 2-month group. Mean MLR values were 0.36 and 0.34, respectively. Although both markers trended downward with longer therapy, neither difference reached statistical significance (PLR p = 0.42; MLR p = 0.48)

Conclusion: In this study, PLR and MLR did not differ significantly between early-phase and later-phase treatment groups, suggesting that these ratios may not be sufficiently sensitive to short-term changes during anti-TB therapy. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to clarify their utility as inflammatory biomarkers in pulmonary TB management.

The Relationship Between The Level of Dental and Oral Health Knowledge and The Health Status of Periodontal Tissue In Patients with Diabetes Mellitus At Bayung Lencir Hospital

Nella Kartimasarora — 2025-05-31

Background: Periodontitis is one of the most serious oral complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). Adequate knowledge of dental and oral health may promote behaviours that protect periodontal tissue. This study examined whether the level of oral‑health knowledge is associated with periodontal‑tissue status among DM patients at Bayung Lencir Hospital.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2024. Using Slovin’s formula, 87 DM out‑patients were recruited by simple random sampling. Oral‑health knowledge was measured with a validated questionnaire and categorised as low, moderate, or high. Periodontal status was recorded with the Periodontal Disease Index (PDI) and classified as healthy, gingivitis, or periodontitis. Associations were tested with the chi-square test (α = 0.05).

Results: Most participants displayed a moderate level of oral‑health knowledge (59.8 %). Periodontal assessment showed that gingivitis predominated (64.4 %), while periodontitis and healthy gingivae accounted for 23.0 % and 12.6 %, respectively. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant relationship between knowledge level and periodontal status (χ² = 8.66, p = 0.013). Patients with higher knowledge scores were more likely to present with healthier periodontal tissue.

Conclusion: At Bayung Lencir Hospital, better dental‑oral health knowledge is linked to improved periodontal‑tissue status in DM patients. Enhancing patient education on oral hygiene and diabetes‑specific periodontal care could reduce periodontal complications in this high-risk group.

Correlation between Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and Microalbuminuria at the Kimia Farma Palembang Medical Laboratory in 2024

Mutiara Suci Imron — 2025-05-31

Background: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to complications, including microangiopathy (abnormalities in small blood vessels), which affects various organs, including the kidneys (nephropathy). Diabetic nephropathy is caused by abnormalities in the small blood vessels of the renal glomerulus. The earliest indicator of diabetic nephropathy is the presence of albumin in the urine. Persistent albuminuria (microalbuminuria), an early marker of diabetic nephropathy, can also be assessed using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Methods: Descriptive research with a cross sectional approach. The data were collected as secondary data from August to November 2024. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, resulting in 191 patients with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed in univariate and bivariate with the Spearman correlation test.

Results: From the research obtained, the average Microalbuminuria in DM patients is 117.40 mg/dL. The results of the Correlation Test showed p value of 0.296 which means a p value > 0.05, means that the correlation is not statistically significant at a confidence level of 95%.

Conclusion: There is no correlation between Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and Microalbuminuria at the Kimia Farma Palembang Medical Laboratory in 2024. DM patients can reduce the risk of complications leading to kidney failure with optimal glycemic control and perform eGFR and Microalbuminuria laboratory examinations regularly.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, eGFR, Microalbuminuria

The Relationship of Oral Hygiene and Dental Caries In People with Mental Disorders at Yayasan Mitra Mulia Husada Palembang 2024

Marina Yolanda Prameisella — 2025-05-31

Background: Cognitive and behavioural disturbances in people with mental disorders (PWMD) often limit self‑care, predisposing them to oral‑health problems. This study examined the association between oral‑hygiene status and dental‑caries experience in PWMD residing at Yayasan Mitra Mulia Husada, Palembang.

Methods: An analytical cross‑sectional survey was conducted among 60 residents selected by purposive sampling. Oral hygiene was assessed with the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI‑S); dental caries was recorded with the Decayed–Missing–Filled Teeth (DMF‑T) index. The correlation between OHI‑S and DMF‑T scores was tested using Pearson’s r (α = 0.05).

Results: OHI‑S scores indicated poor hygiene in 61.7 % of participants, moderate in 38.3 %, and good in none. DMF‑T scores showed very high caries experience in 46.7 %, high in 20 %, moderate in 10 %, low in 16.7 %, and very low in 6.7 %. Pearson analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between OHI‑S and DMF‑T values (r = 0.64, p < 0.001), demonstrating that poorer hygiene was associated with higher caries levels.

Conclusion: There was a relationship between oral hygiene and dental caries in people with mental disorders at the Mitra Mulia Husada Palembang Foundation. The worse the dental hygiene status, the higher the caries rate. This is due to their unstable mental condition resulting in neglect of dental and oral hygiene, plus a lack of knowledge and attitude in maintaining dental hygiene, low motivation and family support, minimal assistance from health workers and made worse by the side effects of taking antipsychotic drugs for a long period of time which can cause dry mouth due to reduced saliva flow.

Evaluating the Plaque Removal Efficacy of Bass and Combination Brushing Techniques in 7th Grade Students at SMPN 44 Palembang, 2024

Endah Risnawati — 2025-05-31

Background: Effective plaque control is vital for oral and general health. While the Bass technique is widely recommended, a Combination technique that blends circular, vertical, and vibratory strokes may enhance plaque removal. This study compared plaque‑score reductions produced by the Bass and Combination techniques in seventh‑grade students.

Methods: A pre‑test–post‑test control‑group experiment was conducted with 32 randomly selected students at SMPN 44 Palembang. Participants were allocated to the Bass group (n = 16) or the Combination group (n = 16). Plaque levels were recorded with the Personal Hygiene Performance index before and after supervised brushing. Mean plaque‑score reductions were compared using an independent‑samples t‑test (α = 0.05).

Results:
The Bass group showed a mean plaque reduction of 1,1, whereas the Combination group achieved a 2,2‑ reduction. The difference was statistically significant (p value= 0.001).

Conclusion:
Among seventh‑grade students, the Combination brushing technique removed significantly more plaque than the Bass technique. Incorporating the Combination method into school‑based oral‑health education may improve plaque control in this age group.

Periodontal Disease In Children With Mental Retardation: A Systematic Review

Hendry Boy — 2025-05-31

Background: Children with intellectual disabilities (IQ < 70 and impaired adaptive skills) struggle with daily oral hygiene, predisposing them to periodontal disease. This systematic review aims to synthesize current evidence on the prevalence and key determinants of gingivitis and periodontitis in this population.

Method: A systematic review was conducted by reviewing research through English data sources Pub Med, Proquest , Cochran, and Wiley. Four studies were included according to the inclusion criteria.

Result: Across these studies, most participants had periodontal disease, mainly gingivitis and periodontitis. Limited independent hygiene caused by cognitive and physical restrictions was the dominant risk factor. Children whose parents actively supervised brushing and dental visits displayed significantly healthier periodontal status.

Conclusion: Functional limitations expose intellectually disabled children to a high risk of periodontal disease; consistent parental involvement is essential for maintaining their oral health.

Effectiveness Of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Leaf Gargling on Salivary pH and Plaque Scores In Outpatient Polyclinic Staff at Kerinjing Community Health Center, Ogan Ilir District, 2024

Ayu Firda Monica — 2025-05-31

Background: One of the main causes of dental caries is the accumulation of dental plaque, a soft, thin biofilm that adheres to tooth surfaces and the gingival margin. Plaque comprises a polysaccharide matrix, microorganisms, enzymes, inorganic substances, epithelial cells, leukocytes, and macrophages. Mechanical and chemical methods, such as using antiseptic mouthwash, can help reduce plaque. Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaves contain antibacterial properties and have potential as a natural mouthwash.

Method: This quasi-experimental study involved 30 participants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via direct clinical examinations, and statistical analysis was conducted using the Paired T-Test.

Result: The average salivary pH before gargling was 6.173, increasing to 6.487 after using boiled breadfruit leaf solution, showing a mean increase of 0.313. The mean dental plaque score before gargling was 2.957, which significantly decreased to 1.513 after the intervention—a reduction of 1.443. Statistical tests indicated significant differences between pre- and post-gargling salivary pH (p = 0.027) and plaque scores (p = 0.000).

Conclusion: Gargling with a boiled breadfruit leaf solution significantly reduced plaque scores and moderately increased salivary pH. The intervention proved more effective in lowering plaque levels than altering salivary pH, suggesting that breadfruit leaf mouthwash may be a promising natural alternative for oral hygiene maintenance, particularly among staff at the Kerinjing Health Center, Ogan Ilir Regency.

Evaluation of Factors Contributing To Denture Hygiene In Edentulous Patients

Karin Tika Fitria — 2025-07-08

Background: Maintaining denture hygiene in edentulous patients is essential to prevent conditions such as denture stomatitis. At RS Khusus Gigi dan Mulut Sumatera Selatan, many patients reported gum swelling due to poor hygiene, emphasizing the need to evaluate contributing factors. This study aimed to assess the influence of demographic and behavioral variables on denture hygiene.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 40 edentulous patients. Data were collected through structured interviews and clinical examinations. Variables included age, gender, knowledge level, behavior, and type of denture. Knowledge was measured using a validated questionnaire, and denture hygiene was assessed clinically. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test was performed to determine significant associations (p < 0.05).

Results: There were statistically significant associations between denture hygiene and gender (p = 0.018), knowledge level (p = 0.006), hygiene behavior (p = 0.012), and the use of special denture cleaning agents (p = 0.004). No significant associations were found with age (p = 0.317) or denture type (p = 0.228). Female patients tended to have poorer denture hygiene due to psychosocial and lifestyle factors, while those with better knowledge and proper hygiene behaviors had improved outcomes.

Conclusion: Denture hygiene is significantly influenced by gender, knowledge, behavior, and use of cleaning agents. Educational interventions should focus on these areas to improve oral health outcomes.

The Influence of Extension Using Phantom Media on Brushing Skills Teeth in People with Mental Disorders (ODGJ) at Mitra Mulia Foundation Husada Palembang Year 2024

Witri Azriani — 2025-05-31

Background: Dental and oral health education is very much needed to change behavioral patterns which can be in the form of knowledge about how to maintain dental and oral health through counseling. Counseling using tooth models (can also be used in a group of people with mental disorders (ODGJ) using Phantom tooth props (tooth models). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of counseling using phantom media on tooth brushing skills in people with mental disorders (ODGJ) at the Mitra Mulia Husada Foundation, Palembang in 2024.

Method: The research design used a quasi-experimental one group Pre-Test – Post-Test design method with 60 respondents filling out the tooth brushing skills sheet before continuing with counseling and filling out the tooth brushing skills sheet after. Before the data was analyzed, a normality test was carried out using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. because the sample is more than 50 respondents. If the analysis shows normal data using the parametric test Dependent T-Test (Paired T-Test) if the data is not normal the non-parametric test of the data uses the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test.

Results: The results of the study on the effect of counseling using phantom media on tooth brushing skills in people with mental disorders (ODGJ) at the Mitra Mulia Husada Foundation, Palembang in 2024. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test analysis of tooth brushing skills before counseling means .1.48, standard deviation .748. tooth brushing skills after counseling mean 10.17, standard deviation 1.137. correlation analysis p value = 0.000. This means There is influence counseling using phantom media against skills brushing tooth.

Conclusion: There is an influence of counseling using phantom media against skills brushing teeth in people with disturbance soul (ODGJ) shown that second variable own influence strengthening change significant behavior to skills brushing teeth. p.value .000 < 0.05.